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backThe Quaker International Affairs Program in Southern Africa is a main supporter, and its staff, Daniel Ntoni-Nzinga, an Angolan, is the co-ordinator, and one of the movers behind this bold and courageous initiative.
His contacts are:
Daniel Ntoni-Nzinga c/o Quaker Program,
Khotso House,
62 Marshall St.
Johannesburg.
tel. 27-11-838 4807/8
fax 27-11-838 7139
e-mail: afsc@icon.co.za
Enclosed are the following documents:
Cover letter dated July 22, 1999 Publication 1: Dialogue: the Road to Peace. April 2, 1999 Publication 2: A Plea for True Patriotism and Solidarity, June 22, 1999 Publication 3: A Manifesto for Peace, July 16, 1999
please also distribute it as you can, especially any contacts you may have inside angola.
JK
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COVER LETTER/E-MAIL:
Date: Thu, 22 Jul 1999 12:02:44 +0200
From: DANIEL NTONI-NZINGA <ntonzi@icon.co.za>
Subject: Peace through Dialogue
July 22. 1999
Dear Friends,
After months of reflection and mobilisation, a Manifesto for Peace in Angola was launched last Thursday which highlight the hopes and demands of the people through the emerging organised society.
This work was facilitated by the Grupo Angolano de Reflexão para a Paz (GARP - Angolan Group for Reflection of Peace) which was formed in April this year at the end of our visit to Luanda (March 25 - April 03). The Group has been working, since its formation on ways and means to mobilise members of the civil society to engage in activities that promote a sustainable culture of peace. Reflections produced by the Group have been well received by the majority of people and organisations in the country.
The first document, which set the tune, called upon the Angolan civil society and people in general to distance itself from the dictates of war and embrace the dictates of lasting peace. It was then affirmed that lasting peace must be the concern of all Angolans, who must, subsequently engage in truthful dialogue with courage and honesty. The document also called for an inclusive process of negotiation which must be initiated, chaired and even monitored primarily by the organised Angolan civil society with the help, of course, of the real Friends of Angola.
The second document is the analysis of the wars taking place in Angola, highlighting the cost of the wars of dispossession forced upon the people of Angola. This document shows the destructive nature of the wars and their impact on the life of the nation today as well as tomorrow. It is argued that military solutions have not just militarised politics but also ensured the postponement of the resolution of the protracted national conflict. This implies that instead of personalising the conflict, any search for lasting solution address the root causes of it which implies that we must make the leadership account for their behaviour that is political and economic deeds. The linkage established in this document between military, psychological and economic wars is very important. It is meant to reveal the hidden agendas of those who defend the military solution, whose real intentions are to protect the historical achievements of the people and groups they represent. Unfortunately, it is true that there are Angolans on both sides of the conflict who are getting richer and richer while the nation is getting poorer and poorer. There are also forces that are backing both the government and the armed opposition, taking away from the country considerable resources and debilitating the ability of the nation to determine its own destiny while enriching themselves, even in the name of peace.
For this and other reasons, a Manifesto of Peace was produced last month and launched last week as part of the sensitisation process. We believe firmly that the Manifesto is an important step in the right direction. May I therefore urge you to share it with all those peace loving people around you. Please note that those involved in this process are seeking active solidarity in support of their true and active patriotism which has been undermined by the partisan patriotism advocated by the warring parties in the country and their allies abroad.
Angola needs unity and a united voice against the evils of war. Angolans need social and moral reconstruction first in order to engage in community building and governance. Peace in Angola means more than silencing the guns so that any political and economic activity undertaken today contribute to the affirmation of life as an essential part of the comprehensive reconstruction of the country and nation of Angola.
I am pleased therefore to inform you that the Quaker International Affairs Programme in Southern Africa has been active partner in this endeavour and we pledge to continue doing so for lasting peace to become reality in the lives of all Angolans still today.
Please find enclosed the documents mentioned above and make use of them in support of the emerging Peace Movement in Angola.
Yours faithfully
D. Ntoni-Nzinga
Southern Africa Representative
Quaker International Affairs Programme in Africa
Khotso House, 62 Marshall Street
Tel.: +27-11-838 4807/8
Fax: +27-11-838 7139
E-mail: afsc@icon.co.za
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PUBLICATION 1. APRIL 2, 1999. EASTER
PEACE THROUGH DIALOGUE: ACTIVE PATRIOTISM and SOLIDARITY or BETRAYAL!
LET US USE DIALOGUE TO ACHIEVE PERMANENT SOLUTION TO THE NATIONAL CONFLICT
GARP Publication No. 1
DIALOGUE, THE ROAD TO PEACE
The time has come to address, in the public fora, the promotion of dialogue as the only way to seek adequate solutions to end the Angolan holocaust. Such a dialogue must be inclusive, in regards to all the groups and different aspirations of civil society, and throw away the idea that without foreigners Angolans are incapable of talking to each other, and devise their own way to achieve national reconciliation.
War, contrary to what has been announced by the government, will not end with war. It will continue to devastate the Angolan people and their poor material belongings. War has broken out, again, proving that its main target are the population, the unprivileged ones! The fundamental of the Angolan Nation project are the people! The destruction of the Angolan Nation project by the war is how one can explain the levels of mortality and displacement of thousands of lives.
On the other hand, it seems to be rather difficult to talk about peace and peace initiatives, without first addressing the issue of justice. The act of acting out of the truth of the facts.
What is the importance of the state institutions compared to the Angolan people? Are the institutions more important than the people? Such questions are essential to define the level of priority to the resolution of the Angolan conflict. For such, the impartiality and the setting up of a social consciousness is the starting point in search of national solutions to the conflict.
Concerning the current situation of Angola, a lot has been said and it is enough to generate an internal wake, and wave in favour of the defenceless victims that are slaughtered every day throughout Angola. The least Angolans can do for themselves, at this point, is to abandon fear and challenge the terror so as to call upon the reason of power holders, who do not hold the truth, to answer for the Angolan holocaust.
It is unjustifiable for Angolans, who are still sensible, to continue lamenting the fate of their sisters and brothers from Malange, Kuito, Maquela do Zombo, Andulo and Bailundo, as if it was a foreign holocaust.
The sentiment being forged in Luanda, the capital of Angola, whereby all the decision making and social definition centres are concentrated, must not continue to scorn what is happening elsewhere in the country.
We have been witnessing, with deep concern and sorrow, incitation to hatred, to death penalty of those labelled as enemies, and thus, we see an Angolan sowing hatred in the chest of other Angolan, on behalf of a power that does not serve the people.
In mainly the rural areas, civilians are being killed just for the sake of having been left alive by one of the belligerents, under the accusation of being informers of the enemy. Those who sometimes refuse to join any of the warring parties often also face the same destiny.
Since the resumption of the all out war, last December, more than 700,000 people have been forced to leave their homes and are living as displaced in inhumane conditions, relying exclusively on the mercy of the humanitarian industry. The dead are no longer being counted, neither the civilians nor soldiers while material loss is also being unaccounted for.
By far, what seems to be important is the will of a dozen of Angolans who seem immune from the sufferings of the entire people and have remained indifferent to the suffering of the people. Moreover, who are strangers to the cultural revindications of the majority of the people.
This war, is about covering up the total depletion of the country's human, mineral and financial resources. And aims to weaken the individual capacity of citizenship for the majority of Angolans.
The current war, imposed on the Angolan people, it is not more than the cover up of the lack of political and ideological arguments, as well as the lack of social, economic and cultural achievements from the perpetrators of the national tragedy. The denial of politics in Angola hides minority groups interests which are carried out through the destruction of the country.
War has not been serving the Angolan people. They do not want war, regardless of its motivation, because this is a war against themselves and in which they are the only defeated ones.
No one has the right to talk on behalf of the people to carry out this civil war, either with the argument of defending the sovereignty or of resistance. People have not been consulted.
It no longer matters to point the finger to who is doing the war for the power and/or for enrichment or the maintenance of individual privileges. Therefore, it is important to gather together all the civil society sensibilities, eager for peace and social justice in order to converge the utmost public interests and peaceful struggle for a common and just cause. To end with the hatred and political intrigue which foments the division and destruction of the Angolan people.
As a reminder, successive peace processes for Angola have failed one after the other due to the lack of political willingness from both government and UNITA, in tune with the immediate interests of the International community in Angola.
There is still an opportunity for the resolution of the civil war: the recourse to civil society is the only surviving factor to set the fundamentals for overcoming the war. There is an urgent need for the intervention of civil society, with its own and autonomous voice, with the absolute denial of the war idea and as the main factor of harmonising all interests, humanly justifiable, which exist in society.
The absolute promotion of an internal dialogue, and with every local stakeholder, is the only way to seek adequate solutions towards the end of the Angolan holocaust.
Since Alvor, passing by Mombaça, Gbadolite, Bicesse, Addis Ababa, Abidjan up to Lusaka, the peace talks for Angola have always been mediated and pressed by foreigners.
As Angolans, we have to abdicate the alarms of our intolerance which leads as to wars, and then having to wait for outsiders, supposedly neutral, to mediate our crisis.
Angolans must be able and bear the responsibility for developing an internal capacity for mediating the conflict, from the bottom to the top. We must show our political and civic maturity in the resolution of the conflict's causes which generate violence among us.
It is time to join hands, unite mind and hearts, and to work together towards the common goal: PEACE.
Luanda, April 2, 1999
The Angolan Group of Reflection for Peace
Daniel Ntoni Nzinga - Theologian & Social Anthropologist
Carlinhos Zassala - Professor of Agostinho Neto University
Filomeno Vieira Lopes - Economist
Francisco Tunga Alberto - General Secretary of FONGA
Rafael Marques - Journalist
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2. PUBLICATION 2. JUNE 22, 1999.
A Plea for True Patriotism and Solidarity
To: Angolan Compatriots Friends of Angola and Comrades in the Struggle for Peace and Justice in Africa Today
My dear Compatriots, Friends and Comrades, Greetings from Luanda, capital city of the Republic of Angola.
As you all know, this is a country that is devastated by wars. I said wars, because there are too many wars taking place at the same time. One is the military war which is obvious and physically devastating as it destroys hundred of thousands of lives and families, villages and farms, bridges and factories, towns and cities. This is the war everybody is talking about even those living in cities such as Luanda which have yet to experience, at this stage, the heat of the new but most sophisticated arms recently brought into the country by the warring parties.
The second war is a moral and psychological war. This war has been eroding the sense patriotism and national sovereignty. It is, in fact a natural consequence which has also become a cause of the ongoing military and economic wars. As a matter of fact, this war undermines the destiny of the people and nation of Angola, precipitating, thus, the total collapse of the social fabric of the Angolan society. The morale of the people - whether peasants or traders, workers or managers, soldiers or governors, students or teachers - is very low. This war is dispossessing Angolans of the traditional pride of being citizens of the sovereign and combatant populations of Angola.
Experience demonstrate that there are very few who are still concerned genuinely with the life of the nation we all belong to. The majority have succumbed to survival strategies which sustain the culture of violence. Almost everyone is much concerned with what can enable him/her to be alive tomorrow but not many are still willing to risk the little they have and work for the common good. Stories about compatriots who have decided to fight fire with fire are many but not all of them stand the test of history as we hear that some are part of politically motivated processes. Embarrassingly, this is not the way Angolans responded to the unjust wars imposed upon them by Portuguese colonialism and the apartheid regime of South Africa.
The third war is economic. This war is an essential part of the global 'economics of war' which has turned vices such as corruption and greed into values. This has almost legitimised, successfully though, the culture of violence by reinforcing its values of 'individualism and selfish security'. There is no doubt that corruption as well as the policies of 'laisser faire' have always been in place but they have gained much power during the last decade. For this reason, dispossession has become a common trend. For example, in the capital city of Luanda, indigenous Angolans are moving towards peripheral residential areas of the city, leaving the most secure spaces inside the city centre to foreigners who pay exorbitant sums for the relative comfort. The majority of those adopting this scheme are doing it in order to complement their income and be able to attend to the daily needs of their families and immediate relatives.
Ironically, this strategy was first adopted by top government officials, who, ten to fifteen years ago, attributed themselves luxurious houses at a low cost which they now rent to foreigners for incredible sums of money while still charging the state for house allowances. This aspect of the 'economics of war' has also made it impossible for people without money to settle in the new urbanised areas of the capital city where the right to land occupation is now determined by the dollar factor.
Another aspect of this war consist of the mismanagement of human resources. As indicated very recently in an article about the adequate use by Sonangol of qualified human resources with university degrees, who are leaving the company to go and work in subsidiaries of foreign companies based within Angola. This process of brain drain, as it is called elsewhere, debilitates the capacity of the Angolan people and state to be in charge of the economy, making sustainable development impossible. Subsequently and because of the dictates of globalisation, many of the so-called friendly foreign investors have been strengthening their capacity on the ground to take out from Angola as much as they want without effective control by the respective national institutions.
Using the current confusion in the country, contracts are being signed most of which mortgage the future of Angola as huge quantities of our precious resources, such as oil and diamonds, are given away in exchange for dollars and arms. These deals and subsequent contracts weaken further the technical and administrative capacity of the state institutions as personal gains dictate the purposes and use of the acquired equipment and money. Worse is the fact that the economics of war have created a culture of robbery which enable both political and military leaders misappropriate national, especially mineral, resources under the pretext of private entrepreneurial initiatives. Stories from the war zones also reveal that low ranking political activists and soldiers have also joined their superiors in taking advantage of the vulnerability of ordinary citizens, especially those in war thorn zones, to dispossess them of basic resources and property such as clothes, money, furniture and even houses.
This means that the war of dispossession has reached a stage which makes everybody vulnerable in the face of the power of gun. Because of this, new social and economic relations are being established, reinforcing hence the already painful social and economic imbalances, which are essentially part of the root causes of the present crisis. This also means that foreign actors involved in such operations are taking part in processes of robbery and dispossession which still force the Angolan nation to surrender steadily its control over the national economic resources and management to foreign forces. Ironically, these and/or their allies have also been advising the government and the armed opposition on the type of economic and financial policies to adopt, thus determining, indirectly though, the popular economic behaviour and ethics which continue to inflict painful experiences upon the Angolan people and nation.
The most terrifying dimension of the 'economics of war' is embedded in the sale and purchase of deadly arms and weaponry which are maiming and destroying hundreds of thousand of Angolans who live as hostages in territories controlled by the power of guns. We now know that about 1.9 millions of Angolans have been displaced from their homes while about 2.3 millions are still living in their usual residential areas but under the threat of either displacement or total destruction.
Ironically, these sons and daughters of our beloved mother land are now being marketed to the world humanitarian industry by the authors of their misery. Therefore, it is right to say that such populations are the obvious victims of the more than 3 billions dollars, spent on their behalf, in arms and equipment during the last twelve month. It is very unfortunate that both sides of the armed conflict only know how to use public resources to purchase arms and other deadly means while leaving to the mercy of the people of good will through the world charitable institutions to attend to the needs of the victims of their war. This is the tragedy we are called to face with love, courage and honesty.
In response to these developments, an Angolan Group of Reflection for Peace (Grupo Angolano de Reflexão para a Paz - GARP) was created on a Easter Friday in April this year. This was the culmination of reflections that have been taking place in different forms and places among ordinary citizens of the country. The group that formed GARP met on a number of occasions during the week of Easter to reflect on the situation in the country and concluded that dialogue is the only viable road to peace, which implies that war cannot bring peace. In other words, the group chose to stand against the official positions of the armed opposition and ruling parties, that is, of UNITA and the government, which have opted respectively for war as a means to settle the protracted conflict.
On a personal note, I must say that the publication of this statement, on a Easter Friday, add an important element to the significance of the statement which continues to inspire my own commitment to the peace process. In publishing such a statement at the time the majority chose silence as a mean to let the warriors flex their muscles was a sign of risking life by swimming into dangerous waters. Secondly, the fact that five ordinary citizens decided to opt for dialogue and made public their choice on a Easter Friday also means that they opened a new phase in the struggle against the culture of violence which continues to express itself through wars of dispossession.
After a month of work together, the group of five decided to expand so that its principle of inclusiveness and national cohesion develops right from the beginning. Hence, new members are joining the group, especially women and young people from all walks of life, on the sole basis that they are committed to work for lasting peace in the country. The Group has been working presently on a 'Manifesto para Paz' (Peace Manifesto) which is now available and intended to spearhead contacts with leaders of religious, civic and political sectors of the Angolan society as well as in seeking the solidarity of the international community.
The third step of this process is to promote a movement of Angolans for Peace, which should catalyse popular participation through both reflections and actions by the civil society towards lasting peace in Angola. The envisaged movement is expected to be a national platform of social movements and organisations that adhere to the principles of peaceful settlement of the national conflict. The process is to promote guidelines, principles and actions that may serve as premise for lasting peace and democratic governance in Angola.
In order to consolidate such an endeavour and sustain the culture of peace and sustainable development, the GARP also intends to facilitate the establishment of an instrument which should serve as a centre for strategic studies and actions, a home for peace makers and builders with technical know how that may support the Movement of Angolans for Peace. I am pleased to say that many Angolans and Friends of the Angolan people have expressed interest in joining hands with GARP so that the whole country and the world at large adhere to the agenda of peace in Angola today.
To achieve these goals, the GARP decided to promote a campaign of sensitisation which should encourage solidarity by the people and nations of the world with the people and nation of Angola. This is to be done through contacts with social movements, governments and inter-government institutions of the international community. The main purpose of this campaign is to share the following principles adopted by the group for achieving peace, which are to be shared with civic organisations inside and outside the country:
We believe firmly that internal initiatives must be supported by the solidarity movement for them to bear the desired fruits. For this reason, visits to local places and national institutions are being planned for the GARP to share its vision for peace and for 'the country we want' with all sectors of the Angolan nation. These visits are also intended to create space for dialogue and to seek the solidarity of the peace loving people of this world in support of our resolve for lasting peace in Angola. The next step will be a visit to regional and international cities and institutions in Southern Africa, Europe and America.
- Dialogue is the only road to peace, which means that talks between Angolans on the root causes and their consequences must:
- start sooner rather than latter
- stop the option of killing each other now and leaving talks for latter
- be inclusive both in terms of issues and participation
- forge national consensus which should produce the overdue project of 'the Angola we want'
- Angola needs a lasting peace, which implies that:
- peace through military victory will only delay prospects for permanent resolution of the conflict
- Angolans must avoid another temporary (military based) solution, as it happened in 1975/6, 1992 and 1994 but work for a long lasting settlement of the protracted national conflict
- the next peace process must be inclusive, that is people's oriented, and sustained by the cardinal principles of democratic governance
- Angolans must initiate and be in charge of the next round of negotiations for peace, which should:
- provide the country with a credible start of a culture of peace and democratic governance
- outline principles, strategies and policy guidelines that express the fundamental aspirations of the people towards sustainable peace and development.
The third and most important step is to take place in September which may take the form of a National Convention for Peace. The meeting is intended to gather representatives of the Angolan civil society movement and define principles and strategies that may contribute to the emergence of active solidarity among social movements inside and outside the country towards a culture of peace and sustainable development in Angola. The envisaged national gathering is expected to consolidate the struggle for peace and become the national platform of the Angolan movements and organisations interested in working together for Peace and Development.
Therefore, simultaneously to the exercise outlined above, the GARP is working on a process and principles that may bring about a new Angolan vision for peace and development which should outline the values of the 'Angola we want'. Angolans, inside and outside the country, who want and are committed to a lasting solution to the national conflict, will be invited to participate in the production and dissemination of this important document as an expression of their commitment to lasting peace. Eminent Personalities from all walks of life are being approached for this and we are pleased to have already registered the support of many.
We know that there are many initiatives taking place at this very moment. We do not intend to represent all of them but want to be part of the emerging movement towards peace so that we may contribute significantly to the new and long awaited era of peaceful. Your solidarity in support of the peace initiatives in Angola today is crucial. Allow me, therefore, to also remind you that your continued active solidarity with the people of Angola today is the only best way of honouring and even rewarding the sacrifices made by the heroic people and nation of Angola during the last onslaught of the African liberation process against colonialism and its surrogate, the apartheid regime in Southern Africa. The opposite to this is and will always be an act of betrayal of a nation that has paid the highest price, sacrificing the lives of its own children, its national dignity and economic resources in support of the world solidarity with the racially based oppression of the peoples and nations of Southern Africa.
My dear friends and comrades in the struggle for peace, we are running behind time, especially as the wars mentioned above are reinforcing trends towards desperation and total destruction of the Angolan society. As a wise African said to us one of these days, this is not the time for peace loving people to relax but work speedily for solutions towards sustainable peace and development.
Looking forward to receiving suggestions, from you all, about what we can do together for peace to become real in the lives of all Angolans today and forever.
OPTEMOS PELO DIALOGO PARA A SOLUÇÃO DEFINITIVA DO CONFLITO NACIONAL.
LET US OPT FOR DIALOGUE TO ACHIEVE PERMANENT SOLUTION TO THE NATIONAL CONFLICT.
22 June, 1999
Yours faithfully
DANIEL NTONI-NZINGA
Coordinator Grupo Angolano de Reflexão para a Paz (GARP)
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3. PUBLICATION 3. JULY 16, 1999
MANIFESTO FOR PEACE IN ANGOLA
Peace Through Dialogue:
Patriotism and Solidarity or Betrayal!
Let Us Use Dialogue to Achieve Permanent Solution To the National Conflict
Publication of GARP
[Members of the group are Daniel Ntoni-Nzinga, Theologian, Anthropologist and Pastor; Carlinhos Zassala, Psychologist and Professor at the Agostinho Neto University; Filomeno Vieira Lopes, Economist; Francisco Tunga Alberto, General Secretary of FONGA (Federation of Angolan Non-Governmental Organizations); Ana Conceicão Pedro Garcia, Trade Unionist; Gaspar Domingos, Theologian and Pastor; Rafael Marques, Journalist.]
3: PUBLICATION 3; JULY 16, 1999
The Manifesto for Peace in Angola
The Angolan people want a lasting peace, social justice, good governance and the right of citizenship, and mutual respect for the diversity of people and cultures, which form the Angolan Nation project. These are the fundamental principles for the setting of a common ground among the Angolan people. In essence, these principles are the foundation for an in-depth revision of the Nation's concept and valorisation of the Angolan citizenry. As well as the consensual definition of a vision for Angola and its course towards the future.
Unfortunately, the war is still being used against the Angolan people. While at the same time those who hold power plunder the country's wealth, in partnership with adventurous outsiders and foreign countries. Oil, diamonds and their revenues are the major source of greed by the rulers, the armed opposition and the oil multinationals, in particular. All with the complacency of countries like the United States, France, England, Brazil, Russia, Portugal and South Africa. Instead of pursuing immediate economic and political interests, these countries can reverse their efforts into a platform of values, contributing, in that way, for the reconciliation of Angolans.
The war in Angola will only come to an end when civil society, the people in general, realise that there is no definitive military solution for the Angolan conflict. People must be aware of the process of destruction in which they are targets, consequently claiming their lives and dignity. What is even more perilous, in this regard, is that the silencing of guns will not mean, by any chance, in the Angolan context, the end of the war. The Angolan mentality, specially those of the politicians, ruled by selfish interests, are more armed than the armies under their command.
In the case of Angola, peace has always been seen as the end of fighting, the disarming and demobilisation of the soldiers. This vision, especially harboured by some foreign institutions and internal emotions, is little more than a tranquilliser for those ones who desperately seek true peace. And a feast for those who serve themselves with immediate peace to profit and to strategically and geopolitically position themselves in the running for the Angolan riches.
We have reached the extreme stage of suffering, social humiliation and the total perversion of the use of power. Hence, we have come to the conclusion - a difficult one, because it is elementary and evident in spite of being consensual - that we, the Angolan people, should develop a common ground for the causes as well as for the consequences of the military and political conflict we are facing. It is fundamental that we, the Angolan people, recognise with courage and determination, that we are all accountable for the political and military devastation. As well as the social and economic chaos of the country, whether in an active or passive way. We must as well recognise the serious mistakes and abuses committed by ourselves during our historic course.
We, the Angolan people, should take full responsibility for the solution of our own problems. We should not keep on blaming the colonial heritage and/or third parties for our grievances. It is self-pity and a way of self-attesting to ourselves a certificate of incapacity for systematically transferring the resolution of the national conflict to foreign intervention. Before the verge of total sweltering of the Angolan society, the moment has come for us to act persistently, in a peaceful, courageous and moderate manner, in order to rescue the most sought and deserving treasure for Angolans: Peace through Dialogue. The Angolan people defend peace in that way, while the belligerents assume that the war is the way to reach peace, even if this means the humiliation of one part of the nation by the other, because this war does not have any patriotic sense.
Therefore, we, Angolan citizens, demand that:
We have decided to fight with persistence and determination for the full accomplishment of our demands and to work actively for the achievement of a lasting peace in Angola, through a patriotic vision of social justice and national equity.
- The government, UNITA and FLEC observe the immediate cease-fire, throughout the national territory.
- The urgent opening of formal communication lines between the belligerents, through the mediation of the organised civil society.
- The immediate opening of humanitarian corridors to assist the people affected by the war, especially in the countryside.
- The government and UNITA, in co-responsibility, include in their military budgets the assistance to deprived people, instead of transferring the burden, of their own war against the Angolan nation, to the international community.
- The definition of an agenda and schedule for peace talks, by the government (MPLA), the armed opposition (UNITA and FLEC) and organised civil society, for the definitive resolution of the causes of the Angolan conflict.
- The establishment of conditions for the inclusiveness and safe participation of Angolans in the Process of National Dialogue for Peace, throughout the country.
- The government and UNITA include in their military budgets the necessary funds to make peace, with patriotism and dignity. Because, if there is enough money to sustain the war, then there should as well be enough money to achieve peace effectively.
Luanda, July 15th, 1999
LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS
Nome
I
Ocupação/Posição
Adão João Pombal
46
Secretário-Geral da LARDEF
Adelino Manuel Chilundulo
58
Pastor Evangélico
Adelino Ngunza
39
Jornalista - Jornal de Angola/ Malanje
Adriano Manuel Segundo
38
Sociólogo
Aguiar dos Santos
42
Jornalista - Director do Agora
Américo Melo H. Macedo
41
Técnico de contas
Ana da Conceicão Pedro Garcia
41
Sindicalista - Sec. Geral Adj. CGSILA
Anabela da Costa Duarte Cadete
54
Filóloga
Anacleta M. P. Pereira
40
Advogada
Ana Cristina Macedo
28
Economista
Ana Filomena Ferreira
42
Documentalista
Ana Maria Belo C. Faria
47
Professora / Jornalista
André Milton Kilandamoko
49
Advogado / Líder do PSDA
António Domingos Goncalves
38
Escritor / Secretário Geral da UEA
António Freitas
39
Jornalista - Editor Chefe do Agora
António Manuel Teixeira
38
Coordenador de Projectos da ADRA
Augusto Costa Ramiro Baptista
28
Estudante Universitário
Avelino Miguel
37
Sindicato /Jornalista - Sec. Geral do SJA
Avelino Sande
44
Engenheiro
Benjamin Castello
48
Agrónomo
Benuína Felipe Amado
29
Música
Carlinhos Zassala
52
Professor Universitário
Carlos Lima
27
Estudante Universitário
Carlos Miranda
40
Jornalista -Editor Chefe Com.Actualidade
Carlos Moisés Sangueve
29
Estudante Universitário
Carlos Pacheco
51
Historiador
Clarisse Matilde Munga Kaputu
41
Jornalista
Daniel Ntoni-Nzinga
53
Pastor
David Horácio Junjivili
44
Oficial General na Reforma
Delfina António da Silva
50
Enfermeira Parteira
Deolinda Doreas Teca
34
Pastora - Dir. do Dep. Paz e Justiça/ CICA
Diogo António
28
Estudante Universitário
Diogo Paixão
38
Jornalista - Voz da América
Domingos da Silva Major
45
Técnico de Des. Comunitário
Edgar Ferreira-Coimbra
45
Engenheiro
Esmeraldo de Jesus Diogo
42
Músico
Esteves da Costa
33
Secretário Geral MIAZAZA
Eugénio da Silva Mateus
35
Jornalista - Voz da América
Eva Gomes
33
Professora
Evaristo Júlio Gomes
31
Jornalista - Jornal de Angola / Huambo
Fátima Pereira
49
Estatística
Fátima Roque
48
Economista
Filipe Joaquim António
35
Vice-Presidente - CIFA
Filipe N'saku Zinga
44
Gestor
Fernando de S. Martins
38
Jornalista - Agora
Fernando Macedo
31
Estudante de Mestrado
Francisco Filomeno Vieira Lopes
44
Economista
Francisco Soares Dias dos Santos
67
Aposentado
Francisco Tunga Alberto
44
Secretário Geral do FONGA
Henda Ducados
34
Economista
Holden Roberto
74
Líder da FNLA
Horácio Da Mesquita
45
Desenhador
Ivo Ferreira de Jesus
48
Presidente da LARDEF
Galiano Francisco Neto
43
Músico
Gaspar João Domingos
38
Pastor Evangélico - Presidente do CICA
Guilherme K. Domingos
27
Professor
Jaime de Sousa Araújo
78
Jornalista / Sec. Geral da Liga Africana
João Baptista Lukombo
47
Professor Universitário
João de Almeida
29
Jornalista - Voz da América
João Bocolo
44
Professor Secundário - SINDEF
João Faria
45
Jornalista / Advogado
João José
37
Professor Secundário
João Vieira Lopes
67
Médico e Deputado
Joaquim de Sousa e Almeida
38
DM - FONGA
Joaquim Luís Pipas
26
Estudante Universitário
Joaquim Macedo
41
Professor Universitário
Jorge Eurico
24
Jornalista - Comércio Actualidade
José Armando Estrela
34
Jornalista - Jornal de Angola / Bié
José Cerqueira
44
Economista - Reitor da Univ. Lusíada
José Gomes
41
Jornalista
José de Oliveira Fontes Pereira
60
Músico e Funcionário Público
José Eduardo Agualusa
38
Escritor / Jornalista
Josefa Webba
44
Professora Universitária
Judite Nelumba
36
Professora Universitária
Júnior Sivi Milton
29
Secretáro Geral da UDA
Kengele Jorge
49
Presidente da UDA
Kipoy Watela Chimbelengue
40
Professor Universitário
Laura da Encarnacão
72
Deputada
Leston Bandeira
56
Jornalista
Lourenço Estefânio Pedro
55
Pastor - Vice Presidente do CNCS
Lucas Benghy Ngonda
47
Presidente da FNLA e Prof. Universitário
Luís Fernandes do Nascimento
44
Advogado e SG da FpD
Luís Kandjimbo
39
Escritor
Luiz Manuel Costa
48
Sociólogo
Lutonto Garcia
56
Relações Públicas
Manuel Augusto César Ferreira
35
Jornalista
Manuel Mwanza
36
Jornalista - Agence France Press
Maria Celeste Santos
48
Empresária
Maria de Lurdes Félix
40
Novelista
Maria Luísa da C. Rogério
31
Jornalista - Jornal de Angola
Mário Alberto Rodrigues de Paiva
41
Jornalista Independente
Miguel João M. Filho
36
Professor Universitário
Malungo Belo
48
Professor Universitário
Ngola Kabangu
56
Secretário Permanente do BP da FNLA
Norberto Costa
35
Jornalista e Escritor
Nsingi António
59
Farmacêutico
Osvaldo Gonçalves
32
Jornalista - Jornal de Angola
Palmira Africano de Carvalho
45
Professora
Paulino Pinto João
55
Presidente do CNDA
Paulo Julião
30
Jornalista - Rádio Ecclésia
Pedro Candungo
43
Enfermeiro / Sindicalista
Pedro Denga
53
Rep. Dos Angolanos em Arizona (EUA)
Ramos Kiluange Buta
52
Engenheiro Electrónico
Rafael Marques
28
Poeta e Jornalista Independente
Roberto Gourgel
51
Músico
Sérgio Pereira
50
Empresário
Simão Cacete
43
Engenheiro - Ex-Candidato Presidencial
Sofia Rodrigues Coelho
48
Dirigente da CNF FNLA
Sousa Garcia
50
Chefe de Dep. Comercial da EDIMEL
Sousa Jamba
33
Escritor / Jornalista
Timóteo Rodrigues Macedo
44
Dirigente Associativo
Tirso Amaral
41
Artista Plástico
Tomás Jorge
71
Poeta
William Tonet
40
Jornalista - Director do Folha 8
Venâncio Rodrigues
40
Jornalista - Voz da América
Vicente A. Paulo
43
Secretário Geral da ADA
Virgínia Coimbra Macedo
41
Técnica de Contas
Vítor Aleixo
41
Jornalista - Director do Comércio Actual.
Xavier de Figueiredo
51
Jornalista - Director do Africa Intelligence
Xavier Jaime Manuel
39
Médico - Vice Director da Fac. Medicina
Waldemar de Brito
37
Cartógrafo
